The RATP Group (French: Groupe RATP), also known as the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (English: Autonomous Operator of Parisian Transports), is a state-owned public transport operator and maintainer headquartered in Paris, France. Formed in 1949, it has its origins as the city's public transport operator. Its logo represents, in a stylized version, the Seine's meandering through the Paris area as the face of a person looking up.
Today, RATP is still responsible for most of the public transport in Paris the rest if the Île-de-France region, including the Paris Métro, tram and bus services and part of the Réseau Express Régional (RER) network. In the Île-de-France region, RATP carries about 3 billion passengers per year.
The RATP's Paris operations are still a major part of the business, but its operations have now extended to include businesses around the globe. They include involvement in the operation of bus, tram, rapid transit and inter-city rail services in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. RATP Group is currently the world's fifth largest operator in the public transport sector.
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History
The RATP was created on 1 January 1949 by combining the assets of the Compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris (CMP), which operated the Paris Métro, and the Société des transports en commun de la région parisienne (STCRP), which operated the city's bus system.
Earlier, the CMP had absorbed the Société du Chemin de Fer Électrique Nord-Sud de Paris in 1930 and the Ligne de Sceaux in 1937, which extended commuter rail to the suburbs. The STCRP had been created on 1 January 1921 by the merger of about half a dozen independent bus and streetcar operators in the Paris area. By the time the STCRP was merged into the RATP, all of its streetcars had been replaced by bus routes.
In the early years of the 21st century, a partnership with the Transdev group resulted in RATP acquiring a minority shareholding in that group, with its many worldwide transport operations. However, in 2009, the Caisse des dépôts et consignations, the majority owner of the Transdev group, started negotiations with Veolia Environnement to merge Transdev with Veolia Transport. As part of the resulting agreement, made in May 2010, it was agreed that the RATP Group would take over ownership of some of Transdev's operations in lieu of cash payment for its holdings in Transdev. This had a considerable impact on RATP's international profile.
On 1 August 2011 the RATP Group purchased Stagecoach Metrolink's contract to operate the Metrolink light rail system in Greater Manchester, England until July 2017. Two years later, in 2013 RATP purchased the nearby long-established coach company, Selwyns Travel, a National Express operator.
Presidents
The last CEOs of the RATP were Anne-Marie Idrac, Pierre Mongin and Élisabeth Borne. The actual president of the RATP, Catherine Guillouard, was nominated on 2 August 2017.
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Operations in Paris
In Paris, RATP operates, under its own name, on behalf of the Île-de-France Mobilités (IDFM), the Paris region transit authority. RATP's services constitute, in their own right, a multi-mode public transportation infrastructure, but also contribute to a larger multi-mode system extending out into the surrounding Île-de-France communities.
RATP's services in the Greater Paris area include:
- The Paris Métro system of mostly underground rapid transit lines, which run throughout the city, with some lines extending somewhat beyond the city boundaries. The Métro has 16 lines (out of which two are fully automated and driverless), with 219 km (136 mi)) of track and 302 stations.
- Orlyval, the automated metro shuttle connecting Antony station (RER B) and Orly Airport.
- Parts of the RER, the Paris regional express rail network that runs mostly underground in the centre of Paris and overground in the rest of the region. RATP owns and operates line A (except the Nanterre-Préfecture - Cergy-le-Haut and Nanterre-Préfecture - Poissy branches) and line B (except the part north of Gare du Nord), both together representing approximately 115 km (71 mi) and 66 stations. The rest of the RER network is operated by SNCF.
- Eight out of ten lines of the Paris tram system (T1, T2, T3a, T3b, T5, T6, T7, T8) totalizing 97.5 km (60.6 mi) and 175 stops.
- The extensive Paris city bus system (351 lines with a total length of 3,861 km (2,399 mi)), including the night buses of the Noctilien network.
- Two BRT lines: the Trans-Val-de-Marne (TVM, 19.7 km (12.2 mi)) and line 393 (11.7 km (7.3 mi)).
- The Montmartre funicular.
- Sqybus, the bus network serving the Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines suburb.
- Three express coach routes using the A14 motorway.
Ligne 341 is the first line of 100% electric full-size buses.
Operations outside Paris
RATP Group's subsidiary, RATP Dev (Dev being a contraction of Développement), operates RATP Group services outside Paris although it also operates some specialised services within Paris. Wholly and partly owned operations include the following:
Operations in France
- Cars Jacquemard, a bus operator in the Eure department of France
- Cars Perrier and SQYBUS, joint operators of bus services in Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
- CTVMI, a bus operator in the Yvelines department of France
- CTY Réseau Impulsyon, a bus operator in La Roche-sur-Yon, France
- FlexCité, a provider of paratransit services within the Île-de-France
- GVO Giraux Val d'Oise, a bus operator in the Val d'Oise department of France
- Mobicité, a provider of local and on-demand transport services in various parts of France
- STIVO, an urban bus operator in Cergy-Pontoise, France
- TIM Bus, a rural bus operator in Cergy-Pontoise and Mantes-la-Jolie, France
- TP2A, an urban bus operator in Annemasse, France
International operations
Heavy rail
- Gautrain, regional express train in Gauteng province, South Africa, linking Johannesburg, Pretoria and O. R. Tambo International Airport (since 2010)
- "La Ferroviaria Italiana", two regional rail lines in Tuscany, Italy (minority share)
Metro and tramway
- Algiers Metro, Algiers, Algeria (since 2011)
- Tramway networks in the Algerian cities of Algiers (since 2012), Oran (since 2013), Constantine (since 2013), Sidi Bel Abbès (since 2017) and Ouargla (since 2018)
- Sun Link Streetcar, Tucson, Arizona, United States (since 2014)
- DC Streetcar, Washington, D.C., United States (since 2016)
- Valenciennes tramway, France (since 2015)
- Florence tramway, Florence, Italy (since 2010)
- Casablanca LRT, Casablanca, Morocco (since 2012, contract renewed in 2017 until the end of 2029)
- Manila LRT Line 1, Manila, Philippines (technical assistance, since 2014)
- Future Doha Metro and Lusail LRT, Qatar (20-year contrat through RKH Qitarat, joint venture formed by Hamad Group (51%) and Keolis-RATP Dev (49 %))
Bus and coach
- Autolinee Toscane, a coach operator in the area around Florence, Italy
- Dolomiti Bus, an urban and interurban bus operator in Belluno, Italy
- Gem Bus, a cross-border bus operator serving areas of France and Switzerland around Geneva
- McDonald Transit Associates, a contract transit operator in the United States
- Quality Line/Epsom Coaches, a Surrey, England-based coach and bus operator
- RATP Dev London, RATP's bus operations in London, England
- London Sovereign
- London United
- Quality Line
- RATP Dev Transdev Asia (RDTA), a joint venture with Transdev, operating:
- Buses in Anqing, China
- Line 9 of the Seoul Metro, Seoul, South Korea
- Line 1 of the Mumbai Metro, Mumbai, India
- Hong Kong Tramways, a tram operator in Hong Kong, China since April 2009
- Selwyns Travel, Runcorn, a large bus and coach group in the North West of England
- Yellow Buses, a bus operator in Bournemouth, England
Other
- Hop on hop off tour operations in Paris, France ("Paris L'Open Tour"), The Original Tour in London, United Kingdom (acquired in September 2014) and Bath Bus Company operating city tours in several cities in the United Kingdom (Bath, Cardiff, Eastbourne and Windsor);
- The Téléphérique du Salève cable car (since 2013, in partnership with TPG and Pomagalski);
- "Slide", an on-demand shared transport service targeting commuters in Bristol, United Kingdom (since July 2016, in partnership with French start-up Padam).
Former operations
- São Paulo Metro Line 4: technical assistance for start-up and the launch of commercial operations in 2010 and 1% share in the concessionnaire ViaQuatro until 2015
- Rio de Janeiro Light Rail: technical assistance for start-up and the launch of commercial operations in 2016
- Shenyang trams, China (2013 to ?)
- Fullington Auto Bus Company, State College, Pennsylvania: acquired in 2009 and sold in 2017
- Manchester Metrolink (from August 2011 to July 2017)
- Open Loop New York: hop on hop off tour company in New York City commenced in May 2014, ceased to Big Bus Tours in 2017
References
External links
- Official website (English)
- Official website (corporate section)
- RATP Dev official website
- Paris tourist information in English
- Tram Travels: Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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